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where the load goes
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Ladders — page 7
A field says what an essay is about. A ladder says what else there is to say about it — the distinct arguments that stand against one idea, from the one that introduces it to the one that assumes all the others.
contraflexure at the middle of the hole
from the moment: 70.3 N/mm²
from the shear: 167.6 N/mm²
total 237.9 of 355
second moment lost: 30%
deflection up by 0.7%
the shear the tees must carry: 63 kN, half each, over 400 mm
Web opening
1
The hole that costs nothing, and everything
1 rung · sections
100 kN
peak 0.88
Two points at maximum radius
the radius rule finds the peak here
equal radius, stresses differ ×1
Weld group
1
The corner that is not the worst point
1 rung · connections
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
angle between the weld and the load, degrees
capacity, kN
0° · 116.83 kN
45° · 127.98 kN
90° · 143.09 kN
×1.22
along
Weld strength
1
The weld that is stronger across than along
1 rung · connections
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