Structural Engineering & Statics
where the load goes
Concept

Lap splice — where it appears

Two bars overlapping so that force passes from one to the other through the concrete between them. Its length is the development length increased where several bars are spliced at one section, because the bond demand per unit length of member is then doubled.

Named by 2 essays across 2 fields — each of them below, with the objects they name alongside it.

137 kN806 mm = 40φ00.20.40.60.8100.20.40.60.81along the embedded length÷ its own peakelastic forceuniform forceelastic bond stressuniform bond

The force that arrives along a length

A bolt takes its force at a hole and a weld along a line. A reinforcing bar has no such place — it is a smooth cylinder in a hole of its own shape, and the only thing stopping it sliding out is a stress smeared over its surface. So the force in it is not a number, it is a function of position.

internal-forces · bond 800 kN1.091.010.960.940.940.961.011.09an equal share490 mm = 24.5 dworst bolt 109 kN against a nominal 100 kN

The bolts that do not share

Every bolted connection in this collection has divided a force by a number of bolts. That is right for a short joint and wrong for a long one, and the reason has nothing to do with the bolts — it is that the plates they join are elastic, and stretch by different amounts at different points along the lap.

connections · long joint

Named alongside it

The objects these essays reach for when they reach for this one.

BondDecay lengthDuctilityEquilibriumFree bodyShear lagAnchorageBearingBolt groupCompatibilityConnection designDevelopment length

All concepts