Structural Engineering & Statics
where the load goes
Concept

Flange — where it appears

3 essays name this object, across 2 fields. What follows is each of them, and the objects they name alongside it.
100 kN appliedbolt 150.63 kNprying 50.63 kNm = 45n = 40flange 20 mm · one-hingebolt force is 1.51 times the applied load

The force the bolt never saw applied

Pull a tee stub with a hundred kilonewtons and its bolt carries a hundred and fifty. The extra comes from the flange bending and pressing its own edge against the thing it is bolted to, and no free body of the connection as a point contains it.

connections · prying στthe x faceσ₁ = 153.2σ₂ = -13.2τ max 83.2the plane turns by 16.4°, the circle by 32.7°von Mises 160.2 N/mm²

The worst stress is not where the worst bending is

Every stress this collection has quoted is a stress on a particular plane, and neither the bending stress nor the shear stress is a property of the point. Turn the plane and both change; one pair of numbers does not, and on a short beam it peaks where neither of them does.

sections · principal stress contraflexure at the middle of the holefrom the moment: 70.3 N/mm²from the shear: 167.6 N/mm²total 237.9 of 355second moment lost: 30%deflection up by 0.7%the shear the tees must carry: 63 kN, half each, over 400 mm

The hole that costs nothing, and everything

A service opening removes 30% of a beam's second moment and 0.7% of its deflection. What it costs is not that. Across the opening the shear has nowhere to go but through the two tees, and a tee carrying shear over a length bends.

sections · web opening

Named alongside it

The objects these essays reach for when they reach for this one.

Stress concentrationBending stressBolt tensionCollapse mechanismConnectionDeflectionDisturbed regionFirst moment of areaI-sectionIdealisationLever armLoad path

All concepts