Structural Engineering & Statics
where the load goes
Concept

Secondary bending — where it appears

Moment in a member that carries load primarily as axial force, arising because the joints are rigid or the panel has no diagonal.

Named by 3 essays across 2 fields — each of them below, with the objects they name alongside it.

worst secondary bending: 24.3% of the axial stress, in the member markedaxial force there 16.7 kN · end moment 0.20 kNm · slenderness of the member 18the same members, the same loads, the same solver — only the releases differ

The joint that is not a pin

Every truss on this site is analysed as though its joints were frictionless pins. Almost none are. The bending that follows is called secondary, which is a claim about size — and the claim is checkable.

structures · truss contraflexure at the middle of the holefrom the moment: 70.3 N/mm²from the shear: 167.6 N/mm²total 237.9 of 355second moment lost: 30%deflection up by 0.7%the shear the tees must carry: 63 kN, half each, over 400 mm

The hole that costs nothing, and everything

A service opening removes 30% of a beam's second moment and 0.7% of its deflection. What it costs is not that. Across the opening the shear has nowhere to go but through the two tees, and a tee carrying shear over a length bends.

sections · web opening 100 kNchord moment 25.0 kNm from the panel shear · axial 200 kN from the global moment6.20 mm against 3.18 mm triangulated — 68% of it is chord bending

The truss with no diagonals

A rectangle without a diagonal is a mechanism, so a Vierendeel girder makes its corners rigid instead. The shear a diagonal would have carried as axial force now travels as bending in the chords, and bending is a far more expensive way to move a force.

structures · vierendeel

Named alongside it

The objects these essays reach for when they reach for this one.

IdealisationJoint rigidityLoad pathMoment connectionPoint of contraflexureStiffnessTriangulationChord forceDeflectionDisturbed regionFlangeMechanism

All concepts