Structural Engineering & Statics
where the load goes
Concept

Curved in plan — where it appears

A beam whose axis curves in plan, so that a vertical load produces torsion as well as bending everywhere along it. The two cannot be separated: the bending moment at one section becomes a torque at another, and the member's torsional stiffness decides how the pair is shared.

Named by 2 essays across one field — each of them below, with the objects they name alongside it.

The plan a straight beam does not have. A beam of radius 12 m turning through 60°, seen from above, with bending drawn outward from the axis in one colour and torsion in the other. The load is vertical and uniform and nothing is applied off the axis. Bending reaches 446 and torsion 155; the two peaks are in different places, which is why the section has to be chosen for a combination rather than for either.

Bending that arrives as twist

A straight beam under a vertical load carries no torsion unless something applies one. A beam whose axis curves on plan carries torsion everywhere, from the same load, with nothing applied off the axis — and it cannot be simply supported at all.

internal-forces · Curved in plan Two diagrams for one load, and the second one has no straight-beam ancestor. Bending moment and torsion round a 90° arc of radius 6 m under a uniform load, built in at one end. The bending peaks at 576 and the torsion at 329, 57% of it. Both are zero at the free end and largest at the support, which is where a curved cantilever's bearing has to hold a torque it was probably not asked for.

The torque that has nowhere to go

A curved beam on two supports splits its torsion between them, and the two halves cancel at mid-span. A curved cantilever has one end, so every increment of torque accumulates toward it — and the largest action at the root of a curved balcony is one that a straight beam does not have at all.

internal-forces · Curved in plan

Named alongside it

The objects these essays reach for when they reach for this one.

Bending momentFree bodyTorsionWarpingBearingCantileverCompatibilityEquilibriumMechanismMoment vectorSelf-stressServiceability

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