The bond-development generator
The bond stress is crowded against the loaded end. A 20 mm bar embedded 806 mm, with the force in it and the bond stress on it plotted along the embedment. Uniform bond — the assumption behind every development length ever tabulated — is a flat stress and a straight line of force. An elastic bond of the same peak strength is neither: the slip is largest where the bar is pulled and dies away over 1/α = 471 mm, so the far end of the bar is doing almost nothing. At the code's own length of 40 diameters the elastic bond is 55 per cent used. The uniform answer is what the bond looks like after it has yielded along the whole length, which is a statement about ductility rather than about strength.
2 essays call
bond-development. The drawing above is what it returns with no arguments at all; every
call below passes it something, because a placement that passes nothing draws whichever
member of the family the generator happens to default to rather than the one its essay
argues about.
Where it is called
Changing this generator changes every one of these figures.
The force that arrives along a length
A bolt takes its force at a hole and a weld along a line. A reinforcing bar has no such place — it is a smooth cylinder in a hole of its own shape, and the only thing stopping it sliding out is a stress smeared over its surface. So the force in it is not a number, it is a function of position.
ConnectionsThe bolts that do not share
Every bolted connection in this collection has divided a force by a number of bolts. That is right for a short joint and wrong for a long one, and the reason has nothing to do with the bolts — it is that the plates they join are elastic, and stretch by different amounts at different points along the lap.